The two most common heat exchanger design problems are those of rating and sizing. Understanding heat exchangers types, designs, applications. Types of heat exchanger, process design of shell and tube heat exchanger, condenser, and reboilers. Two types of flow arrangement are possible in a doublepipe heat exchanger. Different types of heat exchangers in addition, the overall heat transfer equation for the exchanger must be solved simultaneously. Chapter 5 heat exchangers faculty of engineering and. This has a major advantage over a conventional heat exchanger in that the fluids are exposed to a much larger surface area because the fluids are spread out over the plates. The fluid flowing inside the tubes is called the tube side fluid and the fluid flowing. But of the three, the counter flow heat exchanger design is the most efficient when comparing heat transfer rate per unit surface area. Tube sheets are used to hold these heat exchanger tubes firmly in place.
Crossflow, parallel flow, and counterflow heat exchanger configurations are three examples. The pattern of flow through a shell and tube heat exchanger can have a number of different configuration options. Choosing the right heat exchanger hx requires some knowledge of the different heat exchanger types, as well as the environment where the unit must operate. The simplest heat exchanger is one for which the hot and cold fluids move in the same or opposite directions. May 04, 2009 heat transfer 1 heat exchangers heat transfer heat exchanger types of heat exchangers heat exchangers are classified according to flow arrangement and type of construction. In process calculations, the main objectives of heat exchanger calculations are to determine the heat duty amount of energy to be transferred, temperature changes within the exchanger, and pressure drops. In parallel flow, both the hot and cold fluids enter the heat exchanger at the same end and move in. These standards define the style of heat exchanger and the machining and assembly tolerances. Your heat exchanger should be used in accordance with the specified configuration of material, media types, temperatures and pressure for your specific heat exchanger 2. In heat exchanger applications, stainless steel finned tubes are often required for the optimum design for a specific application. Heat exchangers types, theory and basics training youtube. The components and materials used depend on the type of heat exchanger and its intended application. A third type of heat exchanger is a plate and shell heat exchanger, which. The type of heat exchanger used for a particular usage depends on the application and requirement.
A third type of heat exchanger is a plate and shell heat exchanger, which combines plate heat exchanger with shell and tube heat exchanger technologies. Some of the types of shell and tube heat exchangers available include helical coil heat exchangers and double pipe heat exchangers, and some of the applications include preheating, oil cooling, and steam generation. Fixed tubesheet exchanger nonremovable tube bundle. The coolant flowing in the engine picks up heat from engine block and carries it to the radiator. In this both fluid and water get mix to exchange heat and comes in direct contact. A heat exchanger is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy enthalpy between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and a fluid. A heat exchanger is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy enthalpy. Finned tubes are generally produced by helically winding strip on to tubes, fig.
Shell and tube heat exchanger design software for educational applications pdf. A heat exchanger can have several different flow patterns. Heat exchanger hx is a device that provides heat exchange between two fluids that have temperature difference. A heat exchanger is a heat transfer device that exchanges heat between two or more process fluids. Heat exchangers have widespread industrial and domestic applications. Indirect heat exchangers are available in several main types plate, shelland tube, spiral etc. The higher energy atoms and thus higher temperature move toward the lower energy atoms lower temperature in order to maintain equilibrium known as thermal equilibrium. Plate type heat exchangers are not widely used because of the inability to reliably seal the large gaskets between each of the plates. When cooling both fluids and gases, there are two sources readily available. Types of heat exchangers shell and tube, plate type. The heat exchangers are classified in different categories and we use different heat exchanger at different application as per our requirement. This heat exchanger consists of two concentric pipes of different diameters.
Heat exchangers heat exchangers are one of the most common pieces of equipment found in all plants. There are different types of compact heat exchanger design available. Whilst the preheater, vapouriser and condenser are all different types of heat exchanger, they are all modelled using the same heat exchanger unit operation. Many factors are involved in the selection of heat exchangers like size, structural strength, capacity, weight, pressure drop and cost. This facilitates the transfer of heat, and greatly increases the speed of the temperature. Depending on the type of heat exchanger employed, the heat transferring process can be. A counterflow heat exchanger will require less heat exchange surface area than a parallel flow heat exchanger for the same heat transfer rate and the same inlet and outlet temperatures for the fluids. In this type of exchangers the tube sheet is welded to the shell and no relative movement between the shell and tube bundle is possible figure 1. Another type of heat exchanger is the plate heat exchanger. This course will teach you about different heat exchanger types, their main components, the advantages and disadvantages of each type, and exactly how each type works. Understanding heat exchangers types, designs, applications and. This is a type of heat exchanger in which gas is passing upwards through a shower of fluid, and the fluid is then taken elsewhere before being cooled.
Qualitative dependence of the fluid temperature on position inside a singlepass heat exchanger is shown in fig. The relation between the parameters and the heat transfer coefficients is defined in a mathematical formula that is specific to the geometry i. Heat exchanger application an overview sciencedirect. Pdf heat exchanger types and classifications researchgate. In natural convection, fluid motion results from the hot atoms in the fluid, where the hot atoms move upwards toward the cooler atoms in the airthe fluid moves. Heat transfer 1 heat exchangers heat transfer heat exchanger types of heat exchangers heat exchangers are classified according to flow arrangement and type of construction. In parallel flow, both the hot and cold fluids enter the heat exchanger at the same end and move in the same direction, as shown in figure 1. It is the most common type of heat exchanger in oil refineries and other large chemical processes. A heat exchanger can be designed by the lmtd when inlet and out let conditions are specified. It is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy from one body or fluid stream to another heat exchanger seminar ppt with pdf report heat exchangers are found widely scattered throughout the food process industry.
As its name implies, this type of heat exchanger consists of a shell a large vessel with a bundle of tubes inside it. The different types of heat exchangers are classified in three. The heart of the heat exchanger contains a fully welded circular plate pack made by pressing and cutting round plates and welding them together. Advances in gasket and brazing technology have made the platetype heat exchanger increasingly practical. This report shows us different types of heat exchangers and explains some advantages and disadvantages of each type.
The plateandframe heat exchanger design consists of stacked of corrugated plates which are bonded together. The modules listed in the overview are linked to the corresponding pages. In this free online course youll learn why heat exchangers are involved in almost all industrial processes. Different types of heat exchangers are shown in figure 42. Whilst the preheater, vapouriser and condenser are all different types of heat exchanger, they are all modelled using. Extension to other exchanger types requires new equations. Types of heat exchanger construction although heat exchangers come in every shape and size imaginable, the construction of most heat exchangers fall into one of two categories. Oct 11, 2019 different types of heat exchangers are used onboard a ship. No guidance is given on how to generate these equations. Although the majority of heat exchangers used on chemical plant are shell and tube units, there are many other types available. Heat exchangers are typically classified according to flow arrangement and type of construction. A plate heat exchanger is a type of heat exchanger that uses metal plates to transfer heat between two fluids.
In process calculations, the main objectives of heat exchanger calculations are to determine the heat. Typically in the manufacturing industry, several differing types of heat exchangers are used for just one process or system to derive the final product. A commonly used design is shellandtube heat exchanger which consists of. The engineer may have little knowledge of the attributes of these other types so is not able to make a reasonable. These exchangers are composed of many thin, slightly separated plates that have very large surface areas and small fluid flow passages for heat transfer. Comparison of heat exchanger types each of the three types of heat exchangers parallel, cross and counter flow has advantages and disadvantages.
Jul 01, 2018 the heat exchangers are classified in different categories and we use different heat exchanger at different application as per our requirement. Figure 2 heat transfer in a rotary type regenerator. These heat exchangers are constructed using several parallel heat exchanger tubes. A compact heat exchanger is a device characterized by a high heat transfer area per unit volume more than 300 m2m3. The simplest and cheapest type of shell and tube exchanger is with fixed tube sheet design. Closeup view of a section of a watertoair heat exchanger. R sekulib university of kentucky introduction a heat exchanger is a device that is used for transfer of thermal energy enthalpy between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and a fluid, or between solid particulates and a. A heat exchanger is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy enthalpy between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and a fluid, or between solid particulates and a fluid, at different temperatures and in thermal contact. A shell and tube heat exchanger is a class of heat exchanger.
Different types of heat exchangers are used onboard a ship. Full crossflow heat exchanger core assembly, showing headered cells welded together and capped with a semicircular flow channel. Pdf a heat exchanger is a heat transfer device that exchanges heat between two or more process fluids. The heat exchange efficiency of the finning depends on good heat conduction across the joint between the fin and tube interfaces.
Heat exchanger and its types engineering solutions. The second law of thermodynamics states that heat transfers from an object of a higher temperature to that of a lower temperature. It is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy from one body or fluid stream to another. This is due to the larger area the plates provide over tubes. Pdf selection of heat exchanger types gerard hawkins. Heat exchanger is widely applied to industrial process, power plant, transportation. This portable document format \ pdf \ file contains bookmarks, thumbnails, and hyperlinks to help you navigate through the document. Shellandtube heat exchanger sthe, where one flow goes along a bunch of. Many different exchanger configurations can be easily created by different combinations of front end, shell and rear end. As the fluid or gas travels faster, the convective heat transfer increases. Tema stands for tubular exchangers manufacturers association and is a set of standards that were developed by leading shell and tube manufacturers. Classification according to transfer process indirect contact type direct contact type direct transfer storage.
Hrs heat exchangers has its own specific formulas for use with corrugated tubes. Heat transfer processes set limits to the performance of aerospace components and systems and the subject is one of an enormous range of application. Almost all the systems onboard ship depends on heat exchanger where the fluid is either cooled or heated. In most cases the plate type is the most efficient heat exchanger. Plate heat exchangers a plate heat exchanger, phe, is a compact heat exchanger where thin corrugated plates some 0. Heat exchanger is a device for transferring heat from one medium to another. Heat exchanger application an overview sciencedirect topics. Heat exchanger seminar ppt with pdf report heat exchangers are found widely scattered throughout the food process industry. The heat exchangers are the most simplified unit operation used in the vmgsim model when compared with models in literature. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power plants, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural. The notes are intended to describe the three types of heat transfer and provide.
The types of exchangers are mainly defined by their construction and are as follows. They can withstand a wide range of operating pressures and temperatures. A heat exchanger is a system used to transfer heat between two or more fluids. They are widely used in space heating, refrigeration, air conditioning, power plants, chemical plants, petrochemical plants, petroleum refineries, natural gas processing and. A piece of equipment built for efficient heat transfer from one medium to another. Shell and tube heat exchanger a shell and tube heat exchanger is a class of heat exchanger. How to design a tubular heat exchanger hrs heat exchangers. There are several types of components which can be employed in heat exchangers, as well as a wide range of materials used to construct them. Due to the high heat transfer efficiency of the plates, plate type heat exchangers are usually very small when compared to a tube and shell type heat exchanger with the same heat transfer capacity.
This type of heat exchanger consists of a set of tubes in a container called a shell. Comparison of heat exchanger types parallel heat exchanger. The most familiar example of an air to liquid heat exchanger is a car radiator. The aircooled heat exchanger is a device for rejecting heat from a fluid or gas directly to ambient air. Doublepipe heat exchanger one fluid flows through the smaller pipe while the other fluid flows through the annular space between the two pipes. A heat exchanger is a piece of equipment built for efficient heat transfer from one medium to another. Types of heat exchangers used on ship marine insight. Since all heat exchangers considered in this experiment have a single pass for both the hot and cold fluids, the discussion below is limited to singlepass heat exchangers. Two types of convection are natural convection and forced convection. Introduction to engineering heat transfer these notes provide an introduction to engineering heat transfer. A heat exchanger is a device that is used to transfer thermal energy enthalpy between two or more fluids, between a solid surface and. Heat exchangers jordan university of science and technology.
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